Origen del Idioma Inglés

El inglés es un idioma originario del norte de Europa, de raíz germánica, que se desarrolló en Inglaterra, difundido desde su origen por todas las Islas Británicas y en muchas de sus antiguas colonias de ultramar. El inglés es el tercer idioma más hablado del mundo, por detrás del chino y del español.

sábado, 23 de abril de 2011

sábado, 16 de abril de 2011

PROGRAMA 2011

UNIT 1: PRESENT SIMPLE AND PRESENT CONTINUOUS - PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE AND CONTINUOUS - ASKING QUESTIONS - ADJECTIVES DESCRIBING CHARACTER - HOUSEWORK COLLOCATIONS - MAKE AND DO

UNIT 2: ADJECTIVES WITH -ED AND -ING - COMPARISONS OF ADJECTIVES AND ADVERBS - PHRASAL VERBS

UNIT 3: PAST SIMPLE, PAST CONTINUOUS AND USED TO - PAST PERFECT SIMPLE AND CONTINUOUS - TYPES OF HOLIDAY, LOCATION AND ACTIVITIES - JOURNEY, TRIP, TRAVEL, WAY

UNIT 4: SO AND SUCH - TOO AND ENOUGH - FOOD, DISH, MEAL

UNIT 5: ZERO, FIRST AND SECOND CONDITIONALS - INDIRECT QUESTIONS - WORDS CONNECTED WITH STUDYING - FIND OUT, GET TO KNOW, KNOW, LEARN, TEACH, STUDY, ATTEND, JOIN, TAKE PART IN, ASSIST

UNIT 6: WAYS OF EXPRESSING THE FUTURE - WORDS CONNECTED WITH ENVIRONMENT - LOOK, SEE, WATCH, LISTEN, HEAR

UNIT 7: COUNTABLE AND UNCOUNTABLE NOUNS – ARTICLES - PREVENT, AVOID, PROTECT, REACH, ARRIVE, GET TO - WORK OR JOB; POSSIBILITY, OCCASION, OPPORTUNITY; FUN AND FUNNY

UNIT 8: INFINITIVE AND VERB+ING - TYPES OF ADVENTURE SPORT

UNIT 9: REPORTED SPEECH 1 - LINKING WORDS FOR CONTRAST - TYPES OF TV PROGRAMME - PLAY, PERFORMANCE, ACTING; AUDIENCE, PUBLIC, SPECTATORS; SCENE, STAGE

UNIT 10: MODAL VERBS TO EXPRESS CERTAINTY AND POSSIBILITY - MAKE, CAUSE, HAVE; STAY, SPEND, PASS

UNIT 11: MODALS EXPRESSING ABILITY - AS AND LIKE - LOOK, SEEM, APPEAR - TYPES OF SHOP - PHRASAL VERBS - WORDS CONNECTED WITH MONEY

UNIT 12: RELATIVE PRONOUNS AND RELATIVE CLAUSES - WORDS CONNECTED WITH HEALTH - PARTS OF THE BODY - MEDICAL VOCABULARY

UNIT 13: THIRD CONDITIONAL - WISH, IF ONLY, HOPE - NAMED AND CALLED

UNIT 14: CAUSATIVE HAVE - EXPRESSING OBLIGATION AND PERMISSION - TYPES OF HOUSING - SPACE, PLACE, ROOM, AREA, LOCATION, SQUARE

UNIT 15: THE PASSIVE - THE PASSIVE WITH REPORTING VERBS - ACTIVITIES DURING FESTIVALS

UNIT 16: LINKING WORDS: WHEN, IF, EVEN THOUGH, WHETHER - REPORTED SPEECH 2 - TYPES OF MACHINE OR GADGET - CHECK, SURPRISE, CONTROL

Present Simple Explanation

FORM [VERB] + s/es in third person Examples:

•You speak English.
•Do you speak English?
•You do not speak English.



USE 1 Repeated Actions



Use the Simple Present to express the idea that an action is repeated or usual. The action can be a habit, a hobby, a daily event, a scheduled event or something that often happens. It can also be something a person often forgets or usually does not do.

Examples:


•I play tennis.
•She does not play tennis.
•Does he play tennis?
•The train leaves every morning at 8 AM.
•The train does not leave at 9 AM.
•When does the train usually leave?
•She always forgets her purse.
•He never forgets his wallet.
•Every twelve months, the Earth circles the Sun.
•Does the Sun circle the Earth?

USE 2 Facts or Generalizations

The Simple Present can also indicate the speaker believes that a fact was true before, is true now, and will be true in the future. It is not important if the speaker is correct about the fact. It is also used to make generalizations about people or things.

Examples:


•Cats like milk.
•Birds do not like milk.
•Do pigs like milk?
•California is in America.
•California is not in the United Kingdom.
•Windows are made of glass.
•Windows are not made of wood.
•New York is a small city. It is not important that this fact is untrue.

USE 3 Scheduled Events in the Near Future


Speakers occasionally use Simple Present to talk about scheduled events in the near future. This is most commonly done when talking about public transportation, but it can be used with other scheduled events as well.

Examples:

•The train leaves tonight at 6 PM.
•The bus does not arrive at 11 AM, it arrives at 11 PM.
•When do we board the plane?
•The party starts at 8 o'clock.
•When does class begin tomorrow?



USE 4 Now (Non-Continuous Verbs)


Speakers sometimes use the Simple Present to express the idea that an action is happening or is not happening now. This can only be done with Non-Continuous Verbs and certain Mixed Verbs.

Examples:
•I am here now. •She is not here now.
•He needs help right now.
•He does not need help now.
•He has his passport in his hand.
•Do you have your passport with you?

Present Perfect Explanation

Present Perfect FORM [has/have + past participle] Examples: • You have seen that movie many times. • Have you seen that movie many times? • You have not seen that movie many times.

USE 1 Unspecified Time Before Now


We use the Present Perfect to say that an action happened at an unspecified time before now. The exact time is not important. You CANNOT use the Present Perfect with specific time expressions such as: yesterday, one year ago, last week, when I was a child, when I lived in Japan, at that moment, that day, one day, etc. We CAN use the Present Perfect with unspecific expressions such as: ever, never, once, many times, several times, before, so far, already, yet, etc.


Examples:


• I have seen that movie twenty times.

• I think I have met him once before.

• There have been many earthquakes in California.

• People have traveled to the Moon.

• People have not traveled to Mars.

• Have you read the book yet?

• Nobody has ever climbed that mountain.

• A: Has there ever been a war in the United States?

B: Yes, there has been a war in the United States.


Time Expressions with Present Perfect


When we use the Present Perfect it means that something has happened at some point in our lives before now. Remember, the exact time the action happened is not important.


Sometimes, we want to limit the time we are looking in for an experience. We can do this with expressions such as: in the last week, in the last year, this week, this month, so far, up to now, etc.


Examples:


• Have you been to Mexico in the last year?

• I have seen that movie six times in the last month.

• They have had three tests in the last week.

• She graduated from university less than three years ago. She has worked for three different companies so far.

• My car has broken down three times this week.


NOTICE "Last year" and "in the last year" are very different in meaning. "Last year" means the year before now, and it is considered a specific time which requires Simple Past. "In the last year" means from 365 days ago until now. It is not considered a specific time, so it requires Present Perfect.


Examples:


• I went to Mexico last year. I WENT TO MEXICO IN THE CALENDAR YEAR BEFORE THIS ONE.

• I have been to Mexico in the last year. I HAVE BEEN TO MEXICO AT LEAST ONCE AT SOME POINT BETWEEN 365 DAYS AGO AND NOW.